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Author |
Lee, J.W.; Lim, D.H.; Sung, K.W.; Lee, H.J.; Yi, E.S.; Yoo, K.H.; Koo, H.H.; Suh, Y.L.; Shin, H.J. |
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Title |
Tandem High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for High-Grade Gliomas in Children and Adolescents |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Korean Medical Science |
Abbreviated Journal  |
J Korean Med Sci |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
195-203 |
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Keywords |
Adolescent; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*therapeutic use; Brain Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/therapy; Carboplatin/administration & dosage; Child; Child, Preschool; Etoposide/administration & dosage; Female; Glioma/*drug therapy/mortality/therapy; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Grading; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Stem Cell Transplantation; Survival Rate; Thiotepa/administration & dosage; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome; *Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation; *Brain Tumor; *Children; *High-dose Chemotherapy; *High-grade Glioma |
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Abstract |
With the aim to investigate the outcome of tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/auto-SCT) for high-grade gliomas (HGGs), we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 30 patients with HGGs (16 glioblastomas, 7 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 7 other HGGs) between 2006 and 2015. Gross or near total resection was possible in 11 patients. Front-line treatment after surgery was radiotherapy (RT) in 14 patients and chemotherapy in the remaining 16 patients including 3 patients less than 3 years of age. Eight of 12 patients who remained progression free and 5 of the remaining 18 patients who experienced progression during induction treatment underwent the first HDCT/auto-SCT with carboplatin + thiotepa + etoposide (CTE) regimen and 11 of them proceeded to the second HDCT/auto-SCT with cyclophosphamide + melphalan (CyM) regimen. One patient died from hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) during the second HDCT/auto-SCT; otherwise, toxicities were manageable. Four patients in complete response (CR) and 3 of 7 patients in partial response (PR) or second PR at the first HDCT/auto-SCT remained event free: however, 2 patients with progressive tumor experienced progression again. The probabilities of 3-year overall survival (OS) after the first HDCT/auto-SCT in 11 patients in CR, PR, or second PR was 58.2% +/- 16.9%. Tumor status at the first HDCT/auto-SCT was the only significant factor for outcome after HDCT/auto-SCT. There was no difference in survival between glioblastoma and other HGGs. This study suggests that the outcome of HGGs in children and adolescents after HDCT/auto-SCT is encouraging if the patient could achieve CR or PR before HDCT/auto-SCT. |
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Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. shinhj@skku.edu |
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1011-8934 |
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PMID:28049229 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
96614 |
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Author |
Rosager, A.M.; Sorensen, M.D.; Dahlrot, R.H.; Boldt, H.B.; Hansen, S.; Lathia, J.D.; Kristensen, B.W. |
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Title |
Expression and prognostic value of JAM-A in gliomas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Neuro-Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurooncol |
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Astrocytic brain tumors; Glioma; Junctional adhesion molecule-A; Prognosis; Tumor stem cell |
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Abstract |
Gliomas are among the most lethal cancers, being highly resistant to both chemo- and radiotherapy. The expression of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) was recently identified on the surface of stem cell-like brain tumor-initiating cells and suggested to function as a unique glioblastoma niche adhesion factor influencing the tumorigenic potential of brain tumor-initiating cells. We have recently identified high JAM-A expression to be associated with poor outcome in glioblastomas, and our aim was to further investigate the expression of JAM-A in gliomas focusing especially on the prognostic value in WHO grade II and III gliomas. JAM-A protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and advanced quantitative image analysis with continuous estimates of staining intensity. The JAM-A antibody stained tumor cell membranes and cytoplasm to various extent in different glioma subtypes, and the intensity was higher in glioblastomas than low-grade gliomas. We could not detect an association with overall survival in patients with grade II and III tumors. Double-immunofluorescence stainings in glioblastomas revealed co-expression of JAM-A with CD133, SOX2, nestin, and GFAP in tumor cells as well as some co-expression with the microglial/macrophage marker IBA-1. In conclusion, JAM-A expression was higher in glioblastomas compared to low-grade gliomas and co-localized with recognized stem cell markers suggesting an association of JAM-A with glioma aggressiveness. No significant association between JAM-A expression and overall survival was found in grade II and III gliomas. Further research is needed to determine the function and clinical impact of JAM-A in gliomas. |
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winslowparken 19, 3rd floor, 5000, Odense, Denmark |
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0167-594X |
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PMID:28677106 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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96579 |
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Emery, I.F.; Gopalan, A.; Wood, S.; Chow, K.-H.; Battelli, C.; George, J.; Blaszyk, H.; Florman, J.; Yun, K. |
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Title |
Expression and function of ABCG2 and XIAP in glioblastomas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Neuro-Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurooncol |
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133 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
47-57 |
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Keywords |
Abcg2; Glioblastoma; Glioma stem cells; Ko143; Xiap |
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Despite multimodal treatment that includes surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, virtually all glioblastomas (GBM) recur, indicating that these interventions are insufficient to eradicate all malignant cells. To identify potential new therapeutic targets in GBMs, we examined the expression and function of proteins that are associated with therapy resistance and cancer cell survival. We measured the expression of eight such proteins in 50 GBM samples by immunohistochemistry and analyzed patient survival. We report that GBM patients with high expression of ABCG2 (also called BCRP) or XIAP at the protein level had worse survival than those with low expression. The adjusted hazard ratio for ABCG2 was 2.35 and for XIAP was 2.65. Since glioma stem cells (GSCs) have been shown to be more resistant than bulk tumor cells to anti-cancer therapies and to express high levels of these proteins, we also sought to determine if ABCG2 and XIAP have functional roles in GSCs. We used small molecule inhibitors to treat patient-derived GBM tumorspheres in vitro and observed that inhibitors of ABCG2, Ko143 and fumitremorgin, significantly reduced self-renewal. These results suggest that ABCG2 and XIAP proteins may be useful indicators of patient survival and that inhibition of ABCG2 may be a promising therapeutic strategy in GBMs. |
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Peak Center for Brain and Pituitary Tumors, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. kyun@houstonmethodist.org |
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0167-594X |
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PMID:28432589 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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96591 |
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Azoulay, M.; Santos, F.; Shenouda, G.; Petrecca, K.; Oweida, A.; Guiot, M.C.; Owen, S.; Panet-Raymond, V.; Souhami, L.; Abdulkarim, B.S. |
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Benefit of re-operation and salvage therapies for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme: results from a single institution |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Neuro-Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurooncol |
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Volume |
132 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
419-426 |
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Keywords |
Bevacizumab; Glioblastoma; Radiation; Recurrence; Surgery; Temozolomide |
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Abstract |
The optimal management of recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) has yet to be determined. We aim to assess the benefits of re-operation and salvage therapies (chemotherapy and/or re-irradiation) for recurrent GBM and to identify prognostic factors associated with better survival. All patients who underwent surgery for GBM between January 2005 and December 2012 followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, and who developed GBM recurrence on imaging were included in this retrospective study. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox models in order to identify factors associated with overall survival (OS). One hundred and eighty patients treated to a dose of 60 Gy were diagnosed with recurrent GBM. At a median follow-up time of 6.2 months, the median survival (MS) from time of recurrence was 6.6 months. Sixty-nine patients underwent repeat surgery for recurrence based on imaging. To establish the benefits of repeat surgery and salvage therapies, 68 patients who underwent repeat surgery were matched to patients who did not based on extent of initial resection and presence of subventricular zone involvement at recurrence. MS for patients who underwent re-operation was 9.6 months, compared to 5.3 months for patients who did not have repeat surgery (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis in the matched pairs confirmed that repeat surgery with the addition of other salvage treatment can significantly affect patient outcome (HR 0.53). Re-operation with additional salvage therapies for recurrent GBM provides survival prolongation at the time of progression. |
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Department of Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, Cedars Cancer Centre, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada. bassam.abdulkarim@mcgill.ca |
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0167-594X |
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PMID:28374095 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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96599 |
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Author |
Ludwig, K.; Kornblum, H.I. |
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Molecular markers in glioma |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Neuro-Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurooncol |
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Glioblastoma; Glioma stem cell; Molecular markers; Mutations; Pathways |
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Gliomas are the most malignant and aggressive form of brain tumors, and account for the majority of brain cancer related deaths. Malignant gliomas, including glioblastoma are treated with radiation and temozolomide, with only a minor benefit in survival time. A number of advances have been made in understanding glioma biology, including the discovery of cancer stem cells, termed glioma stem cells (GSC). Some of these advances include the delineation of molecular heterogeneity both between tumors from different patients as well as within tumors from the same patient. Such research highlights the importance of identifying and validating molecular markers in glioma. This review, intended as a practical resource for both clinical and basic investigators, summarizes some of the more well-known molecular markers (MGMT, 1p/19q, IDH, EGFR, p53, PI3K, Rb, and RAF), discusses how they are identified, and what, if any, clinical relevance they may have, in addition to discussing some of the specific biology for these markers. Additionally, we discuss identification methods for studying putative GSC's (CD133, CD15, A2B5, nestin, ALDH1, proteasome activity, ABC transporters, and label-retention). While much research has been done on these markers, there is still a significant amount that we do not yet understand, which may account for some conflicting reports in the literature. Furthermore, it is unlikely that the investigator will be able to utilize one single marker to prospectively identify and isolate GSC from all, or possibly, any gliomas. |
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Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Hkornblum@mednet.ucla.edu |
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0167-594X |
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PMID:28233083 |
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ref @ user @ |
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96605 |
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