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Author |
Gragnani, A.; de Oliveira, A.F.; Boro, D.; Pham, T.N.; Ferreira, L.M. |
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Title |
Response and legislative changes after the Kiss nightclub tragedy in Santa Maria/RS/Brazil: Learning from a large-scale burn disaster |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries |
Abbreviated Journal |
Burns |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
343-349 |
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Keywords |
Brazil/epidemiology; Burns/epidemiology/*prevention & control; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/epidemiology; Crowding; Disasters/*prevention & control; Fires/legislation & jurisprudence/*prevention & control; Humans; Hydrolases/poisoning; Mass Casualty Incidents/*prevention & control/statistics & numerical data; *Public Policy; Retrospective Studies; Safety/*legislation & jurisprudence; Smoke Inhalation Injury/epidemiology; Burn disaster; Fire prevention and protection; Kiss nightclub; Legislation; Mass casualty incident; Santa Maria |
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Abstract |
PURPOSE: A major fire occurred on January 27, 2013, at 02:30 at Kiss nightclub in the city of Santa Maria, State of Rio Grande do Sul, in Southern Brazil. In this retrospective report, we aimed to describe the nightclub fire event, its immediate consequences, and evaluated its impact on legislation. Our objective was to disseminate the lessons we learned from this large-scale nightclub fire disaster. METHODS: We conducted a literature review in PubMed and Lilacs database from 2013 to 2015 related to the nightclub Kiss, Santa Maria, fire, burns, and similar events worldwide over the past 15 years. We searched in the general press and online media information sites, and seeking legislation about this topic at the federal level in Brazil. We reported on the legislation changes that resulted from this nightclub fire. RESULTS: Current federal legislation on fire prevention and the scope of public safety, including night clubs and discos, states is the duty of the state and everyone's responsibility, pursuant to Article 144 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil. Thus, the federal union, individual states and municipalities have the power to legislate on fire prevention, and especially to ensure the security of the population. A state law called “Law Kiss”, was passed in 2014, establishing standards on safety, prevention and protection against fire in buildings and areas of fire risk in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. On a national level, a law of prevention and fire fighting in Brazil was also drafted after the Santa Maria disaster (Law project no. 4923, 2013). Currently, this bill is still awaiting sanction before it can take effect. CONCLUSION: As we push for enactment of the national law of prevention and fire fighting in Brazil, we will continue emphasizing fire prevention, fire protection, fire fighting, means of escape and proper management. All similar events in this and other countries remind us that similar tragedies may occur anywhere, and that the analysis of facts, previous mistakes, during and after the incident are crucial to our understanding, and will help us lessen the chance of future occurrences. |
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Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil |
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0305-4179 |
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PMID:27663506 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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97661 |
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Author |
Cruz, M.F. da; Ramires, V.V.; Wendt, A.; Mielke, G.I.; Martinez-Mesa, J.; Wehrmeister, F.C. |
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Title |
[Simultaneity of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in the elderly in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil] |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Cadernos de Saude Publica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cad Saude Publica |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
e00021916 |
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Keywords |
Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism/epidemiology; Brazil/epidemiology; Chronic Disease/*epidemiology; Cluster Analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity/epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Smoking/epidemiology; Socioeconomic Factors |
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This study aimed to describe the simultaneity of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases among the elderly (</= 60 years) in a city in Southern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of 1,451 elderly in 2013. Cluster analysis was applied to selected risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, excess weight, and physical inactivity). Logistic regression was used to assess the association between simultaneity of risk factors and socio-demographic variables. The most frequent cluster in men (18.1%) and women (30.7%) was physical inactivity + excess weight. The cluster alcohol consumption + excess weight exceeded the expected level in men (O/E = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.59) and women (O/E = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.35; 2.20). The presence of two or more risk factors in the elderly population (88.1%) points to the need for specific interventions for this population to fight risk factors simultaneously rather than separately. |
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Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil |
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Portuguese |
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Simultaneidade de fatores de risco para doencas cronicas nao transmissiveis entre idosos da zona urbana de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil |
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0102-311X |
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PMID:28403276 |
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98024 |
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Jorge, K.O.; Ferreira, R.C.; Ferreira, E.F.E.; Vale, M.P.; Kawachi, I.; Zarzar, P.M. |
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Title |
Binge drinking and associated factors among adolescents in a city in southeastern Brazil: a longitudinal study |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Cadernos de Saude Publica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cad Saude Publica |
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33 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
e00183115 |
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Adolescent; Binge Drinking/*epidemiology; Brazil/epidemiology; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Underage Drinking/*statistics & numerical data; Young Adult |
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The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the frequency of binge drinking and associated factors in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The sample consisted of 436 adolescents. Data collection involved the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Ordinal logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis. An increase in the frequency of binge drinking was found among adolescents who lived in areas of greater social vulnerability (OR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.01-2.68), those whose mothers consumed alcoholic beverages (OR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.05-2.92), those whose fathers consumed alcoholic beverages (OR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.11-3.68), those with an increased risk of tobacco use (OR = 2.82; 95%CI: 1.07-7.42) and those who attended religious services (OR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.30-3.38). Knowledge regarding factors associated with a change in the frequency of binge drinking among adolescents can assist in the establishment of public policies directed at health promotion and the prevention of adverse health conditions. |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil |
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0102-311X |
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PMID:28380128 |
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ref @ user @ |
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98026 |
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Author |
Vershkov, D.; Benvenisty, N. |
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Human pluripotent stem cells in modeling human disorders: the case of fragile X syndrome |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
Publication |
Regenerative Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
Regen Med |
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12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
53-68 |
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Keywords |
disease modeling; drug discovery; embryonic stem cells; fragile X syndrome; human pluripotent stem cells; neural differentiation |
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Abstract |
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) generated from affected blastocysts or from patient-derived somatic cells are an emerging platform for disease modeling and drug discovery. Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the leading cause of inherited intellectual disability, was one of the first disorders modeled in both embryonic stem cells and induced PCSs and can serve as an exemplary case for the utilization of human PSCs in the study of human diseases. Over the past decade, FXS-PSCs have been used to address the fundamental questions regarding the pathophysiology of FXS. In this review we summarize the methodologies for generation of FXS-PSCs, discuss their advantages and disadvantages compared with existing modeling systems and describe their utilization in the study of FXS pathogenesis and in the development of targeted treatment. |
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The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells & Genetic Research, Department of Genetics, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel |
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1746-0751 |
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PMID:27900874 |
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ref @ user @ |
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95909 |
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Author |
Firmansyah, I.; Spiller, M.; de Ruijter, F.J.; Carsjens, G.J.; Zeeman, G. |
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Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus flows in agricultural and urban systems in a small island under limited data availability |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
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The Science of the Total Environment |
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Sci Total Environ |
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574 |
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1521-1532 |
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Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Small island system; Substance Flow Analysis (SFA); Urban metabolism; Urban-agriculture |
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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two essential macronutrients required in agricultural production. The major share of this production relies on chemical fertilizer that requires energy and relies on limited resources (P). Since these nutrients are lost to the environment, there is a need to shift from this linear urban metabolism to a circular metabolism in which N and P from domestic waste and wastewater are reused in agriculture. A first step to facilitate a transition to more circular urban N and P management is to understand the flows of these resources in a coupled urban-agricultural system. For the first time this paper presents a Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) approach for the assessment of the coupled agricultural and urban systems under limited data availability in a small island. The developed SFA approach is used to identify intervention points that can provide N and P stocks for agricultural production. The island of St. Eustatius, a small island in the Caribbean, was used as a case study. The model developed in this study consists of eight sub-systems: agricultural and natural lands, urban lands, crop production, animal production, market, household consumption, soakage pit and open-dump landfill. A total of 26 flows were identified and quantified for a period of one year (2013). The results showed that the agricultural system is a significant source for N and P loss because of erosion/run-off and leaching. Moreover, urban sanitation systems contribute to deterioration of the island's ecosystem through N and P losses from domestic waste and wastewater by leaching and atmospheric emission. Proposed interventions are the treatment of blackwater and greywater for the recovery of N and P. In conclusion, this study allows for identification of potential N and P losses and proposes mitigation measures to improve nutrient management in a small island context. |
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Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen UR, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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0048-9697 |
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PMID:27613673 |
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ref @ user @ |
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97161 |
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