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Corvalan, C.; Garmendia, M.L.; Jones-Smith, J.; Lutter, C.K.; Miranda, J.J.; Pedraza, L.S.; Popkin, B.M.; Ramirez-Zea, M.; Salvo, D.; Stein, A.D. |
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Title |
Nutrition status of children in Latin America |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Obes Rev |
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Volume |
18 Suppl 2 |
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Pages |
7-18 |
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Keywords |
Latin America; childhood obesity; children; nutrition and physical activity situation |
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Abstract |
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rapidly increasing among Latin American children, posing challenges for current healthcare systems and increasing the risk for a wide range of diseases. To understand the factors contributing to childhood obesity in Latin America, this paper reviews the current nutrition status and physical activity situation, the disparities between and within countries and the potential challenges for ensuring adequate nutrition and physical activity. Across the region, children face a dual burden of undernutrition and excess weight. While efforts to address undernutrition have made marked improvements, childhood obesity is on the rise as a result of diets that favour energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle. Over the last decade, changes in socioeconomic conditions, urbanization, retail foods and public transportation have all contributed to childhood obesity in the region. Additional research and research capacity are needed to address this growing epidemic, particularly with respect to designing, implementing and evaluating the impact of evidence-based obesity prevention interventions. |
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Hubert Department of Global Health of the Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA |
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English |
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1467-7881 |
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PMID:28741907 |
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no |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
97507 |
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Author |
Corvalan, C.; Garmendia, M.L.; Jones-Smith, J.; Lutter, C.K.; Miranda, J.J.; Pedraza, L.S.; Popkin, B.M.; Ramirez-Zea, M.; Salvo, D.; Stein, A.D. |
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Title |
Nutrition status of children in Latin America |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Obes Rev |
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Volume |
18 Suppl 2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
7-18 |
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Keywords |
Latin America; childhood obesity; children; nutrition and physical activity situation |
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Abstract |
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rapidly increasing among Latin American children, posing challenges for current healthcare systems and increasing the risk for a wide range of diseases. To understand the factors contributing to childhood obesity in Latin America, this paper reviews the current nutrition status and physical activity situation, the disparities between and within countries and the potential challenges for ensuring adequate nutrition and physical activity. Across the region, children face a dual burden of undernutrition and excess weight. While efforts to address undernutrition have made marked improvements, childhood obesity is on the rise as a result of diets that favour energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle. Over the last decade, changes in socioeconomic conditions, urbanization, retail foods and public transportation have all contributed to childhood obesity in the region. Additional research and research capacity are needed to address this growing epidemic, particularly with respect to designing, implementing and evaluating the impact of evidence-based obesity prevention interventions. |
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Address |
Hubert Department of Global Health of the Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA |
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1467-7881 |
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Notes |
PMID:28741907 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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98012 |
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Author |
Cruz, M.F. da; Ramires, V.V.; Wendt, A.; Mielke, G.I.; Martinez-Mesa, J.; Wehrmeister, F.C. |
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Title |
[Simultaneity of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in the elderly in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil] |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Cadernos de Saude Publica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cad Saude Publica |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
e00021916 |
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Keywords |
Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism/epidemiology; Brazil/epidemiology; Chronic Disease/*epidemiology; Cluster Analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity/epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Smoking/epidemiology; Socioeconomic Factors |
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This study aimed to describe the simultaneity of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases among the elderly (</= 60 years) in a city in Southern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of 1,451 elderly in 2013. Cluster analysis was applied to selected risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, excess weight, and physical inactivity). Logistic regression was used to assess the association between simultaneity of risk factors and socio-demographic variables. The most frequent cluster in men (18.1%) and women (30.7%) was physical inactivity + excess weight. The cluster alcohol consumption + excess weight exceeded the expected level in men (O/E = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.59) and women (O/E = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.35; 2.20). The presence of two or more risk factors in the elderly population (88.1%) points to the need for specific interventions for this population to fight risk factors simultaneously rather than separately. |
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Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil |
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Portuguese |
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Original Title |
Simultaneidade de fatores de risco para doencas cronicas nao transmissiveis entre idosos da zona urbana de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil |
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0102-311X |
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Notes |
PMID:28403276 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
98024 |
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D'Alessandris, Q.G.; Biffoni, M.; Martini, M.; Runci, D.; Buccarelli, M.; Cenci, T.; Signore, M.; Stancato, L.; Olivi, A.; De Maria, R.; Larocca, L.M.; Ricci-Vitiani, L.; Pallini, R. |
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Title |
The clinical value of patient-derived glioblastoma tumorspheres in predicting treatment response |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Neuro-Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neuro Oncol |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1097-1108 |
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Keywords |
cancer stem cells; glioblastoma; radiotherapy; temozolomide; treatment outcome |
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Background: Advances from glioma stemlike cell (GSC) research, though increasing our knowledge of glioblastoma (GBM) biology, do not influence clinical decisions yet. We explored the translational power of GSC-enriched cultures from patient-derived tumorspheres (TS) in predicting treatment response. Methods: The relationship between TS growth and clinical outcome was investigated in 52 GBMs treated with surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ). The effect on TS of radiation (6 to 60 Gy) and of TMZ (3.9 muM to 1 mM) was related with patients' survival. Results: Generation of TS was an independent factor for poor overall survival (OS) and poor progression-free survival (PFS) (P < .0001 and P = .0010, respectively). Growth rate and clonogenicity of TS predicted poor OS. In general, TS were highly resistant to both radiation and TMZ. Resistance to TMZ was stronger in TS with high clonogenicity and fast growth (P < .02). Shorter PFS was associated with radiation LD50 (lethal dose required to kill 50% of TS cells) >12 Gy of matched TS (P = .0484). A direct relationship was found between sensitivity of TS to TMZ and patients' survival (P = .0167 and P = .0436 for OS and PFS, respectively). Importantly, values for TMZ half-maximal inhibitory concentration <50 muM, which are in the range of plasma levels achieved in vivo, identified cases with longer OS and PFS (P = .0020 and P = .0016, respectively). Conclusions: Analysis of TS holds translational relevance by predicting the response of parent tumors to radiation and, particularly, to TMZ. Dissecting the clonogenic population from proliferating progeny in TS can guide therapeutic strategies to a more effective drug selection and treatment duration. |
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Institute of Neurosurgery, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy; Institute of Pathology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana |
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English |
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1522-8517 |
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Notes |
PMID:28204560 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
96607 |
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Author |
Das, B.C.; Khan, A.S.; Elahi, N.E.; Uddin, M.S.; Debnath, B.C.; Khan, Z.R. |
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Title |
Morbidity and Mortality after Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Five Year Experience in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mymensingh Med J |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
145-153 |
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Abstract |
Mortality and morbidity was assessed after adoption of a systematic care for patient with pancreatoduodenectomy starting from patient selection and preparation, operative technique, and postoperative care. In this prospective study seventy patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinoma with curative intent between January 2010 and December 2014 were carefully analyzed prospectively. Patients were selected those who had ampullary carcinoma, lower bile duct carcinoma and small size carcinoma head of pancreas without local invasion and distant metastasis, and the patient who did not have any major disabling comorbid diseases. All patients were assessed uniformly before surgery and deficiency were corrected up to normal level before operation. Pancreatoduodenectomy and standard lymphadenectomy was performed meticulously with minimum blood loss. The pancreatojejunal reconstruction was performed using duct-to-mucosa method mostly. A nasojejunal feeding tube was placed in most patients for starting postoperative early oral feeding. Broad spectrum antibiotics and the epidural analgesia were mostly prescribed for good control infection and pain. Proper nutrition was maintained in calculative way through central venous line and nasojejunal feeding tube in the early postoperative period. General care, early mobilization and chest physiotherapy were given routinely in each patient. Seventy-seven percent (n=54) patients did not have any postoperative complications and they were discharged from hospital within 12-14 postoperative days. The morbidity occurred in 16 patients (23%) and most common complication was wound infection (18%, n=9). The rest complications were pancreatojejunal anastomotic leakage – 2, hepaticojejunal anastomosis leakage – 1, melaena – 1, intra-abdominal abscess – 1, intra-abdominal hemorrhage – 1, and renal dysfunction – 1. The mortality rate was 5.7% (n=4), causes of death were massive myocardial infarction; 1, failure of reversal from anesthesia; 1, massive intraabdominal bleeding; 1 and CV catheter related severe sepsis; 1. Review of recent published literature revealed that mortality and morbidity our series is better than low volume center and almost similar with high volume center of pancreatoduodenectomy surgery. Our systematic management policy of careful patient selection, planned approach in the form of proper work up, meticulous conduction of the procedure, appropriate postoperative care provides an acceptable morbidity and mortality after pancreatoduodenectomy. |
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Dr Bidhan C Das, Associate Professor, Division of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail: dbidhan@yahoo.com |
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English |
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1022-4742 |
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Notes |
PMID:28260769 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
98727 |
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