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Vidaurre, T.; Santos, C.; Gomez, H.; Sarria, G.; Amorin, E.; Lopez, M.; Regalado, R.; Manrique, J.; Tarco, D.; Ayestas, C.; Calderon, M.; Mas, L.; Neciosup, S.; Salazar, M.; Chavez, J.C.; Ubillus, M.; Limache, A.; Ubillus, J.C.; Navarro, J.; Sarwal, K.; Sutcliffe, S.; Gutierrez-Aguado, A.; Silva, M.; Mena, A.; Guillen, M.E.; Castaneda, C.; Abugattas, J. |
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Title |
The implementation of the Plan Esperanza and response to the imPACT Review |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Lancet. Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lancet Oncol |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
e595-e606 |
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Keywords |
Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration; Developing Countries; Early Detection of Cancer/*economics; Female; Health Care Costs; *Health Expenditures; Health Planning/*organization & administration; Humans; Male; Needs Assessment; Peru; Poverty; Preventive Medicine/*organization & administration; Risk Assessment |
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Abstract |
Following the implementation of the National Cancer Prevention and Control Results-based Budget Programme (PpR Cancer-024) in 2011, the Peruvian Government approved the Plan Esperanza-a population-based national cancer control plan-in 2012. Legislation that ensured full government-supported funding for people who were otherwise unable to access or afford care and treatment accompanied the Plan. In 2013, the Ministry of Health requested an integrated mission of the Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy (imPACT) report to strengthen cancer control in Peru. The imPACT Review, which was executed in 2014, assessed Peru's achievements in cancer control, and areas for improvement, including cancer control planning, further development of population-based cancer registration, increased prevention, early diagnosis, treatment and palliative care, and the engagement and participation of civil society in the health-care system. This Series paper gives a brief history of the development of the Plan Esperanza, describes the innovative funding model that supports it, and summarises how funds are disseminated on the basis of disease, geography, and demographics. An overview of the imPACT Review, and the government's response in the context of the Plan Esperanza, is provided. The development and execution of the Plan Esperanza and the execution of and response to the imPACT Review demonstrates the Peruvian Government's commitment to fighting cancer across the country, including in remote and urban areas. |
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National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases, Lima, Peru |
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ISSN |
1470-2045 |
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Notes |
PMID:28971826 |
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no |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
97626 |
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Author |
Canario Guzman, J.A.; Espinal, R.; Baez, J.; Melgen, R.E.; Rosario, P.A.P.; Mendoza, E.R. |
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Title |
Ethical challenges for international collaborative research partnerships in the context of the Zika outbreak in the Dominican Republic: a qualitative case study |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Health Research Policy and Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Health Res Policy Syst |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
82 |
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Keywords |
Capacity-building; Caribbean region; Developing countries; Disease outbreaks; Dominican Republic; Health equity; Health research systems; Research ethics; Research networks; Zika virus |
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Abstract |
BACKGROUND: The establishment of international collaborative research partnerships in times of infectious disease outbreaks of international importance has been considered an ethical imperative. Frail health research systems in low- and middle-income countries can be an obstacle to achieve the goal of knowledge generation and the search for health equity before, during and after infectious disease outbreaks. METHODS: A qualitative case study was conducted to identify the challenges and opportunities facing the Dominican Republic with regards to developing international collaborative research partnerships in the context of the Zika outbreak and its ethical implications. Researchers conducted 34 interviews (n = 30 individual; n = 4 group) with 39 participants (n = 23 males; n = 16 females) representing the government, universities, international donor agencies, non-governmental organisations, community-based organisations and medical societies, in two metropolitan cities. RESULTS: Five international collaborative research projects related to the Zika virus were identified. Major ethical challenges were linked to the governance of health research, training of human resources, the institutionalisation of scientific activity, access to research funds and cultural aspects. Capacity-building was not necessarily a component of some partnership agreements. With few exceptions, local researchers were merely participating in data collection and less on defining the problem. Opportunities for collaborative work included the possibility of participation in international research consortiums through calls for proposals. CONCLUSIONS: The Dominican government and research stakeholders can contribute to the international response to the Zika virus through active participation in international collaborative research partnerships; however, public recognition of the need to embrace health research as part of public policy efforts is warranted. A working group led by the government and formed by national and international research stakeholders will be key to identify ways in which the country could respond to the ethical demand of generating new knowledge in times of outbreaks. |
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Centro Nacional de Investigaciones en Salud Materno Infantil Dr. Hugo Mendoza (CENISMI), Centro Los Heroes, Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana |
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ISSN |
1478-4505 |
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PMID:28946911 |
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no |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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97627 |
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Author |
Villagra, P.; Quintana, C. |
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Title |
Disaster Governance for Community Resilience in Coastal Towns: Chilean Case Studies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Environ Res Public Health |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
community resilience; disaster governance; tsunami |
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Abstract |
This study aimed to further our understanding of a characteristic of Community Resilience known as Disaster Governance. Three attributes of Disaster Governance-redundancy, diversity, and overlap-were studied in four coastal towns in southern Chile that are at risk of tsunamis. Overall, we explored how different spatial structures of human settlements influence Disaster Governance. Using the Projective Mapping Technique, the distribution of emergency institutions (N = 32) and uses given to specific sites (e.g., for refuge, sanitary purposes and medical attention) were mapped. Content and GIS analyses (Directional Distribution and Kernel Density Index) were used to explore the dispersion and concentration of institutions and uses in each town. Disaster Governance was found to be highly influenced by decisions taken during regional, urban, and emergency planning. Governance is better in towns of higher order in the communal hierarchical structure. Most of the emergency institutions were found to be located in central and urban areas, which, in turn, assures more redundancy, overlap, and diversity in governance in the event of a tsunami. Lack of flexibility of emergency plans also limits governance in rural and indigenous areas. While the spatial relationships found in this study indicate that urban sectors have better Disaster Governance than rural and indigenous sectors, the influence of resource availability after tsunamis, the role and responsibility of different levels of governments, and the politics of disaster also play an important role in Disaster Governance for determining Community Resilience. These findings shed light on emergency planning and aspects of the Disaster Management cycle. |
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Laboratorio de Paisaje y Resiliencia Urbana, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 509000, Chile. contacto@pru-lab.cl |
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1660-4601 |
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PMID:28906480 |
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no |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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97628 |
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Author |
Gredilla, A.; Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo, S.; Gomez-Nubla, L.; Carrero, J.A.; de Leao, F.B.; Madariaga, J.M.; Silva, L.F.O. |
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Title |
Are children playgrounds safe play areas? Inorganic analysis and lead isotope ratios for contamination assessment in recreational (Brazilian) parks |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
31 |
Pages |
24333-24345 |
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Keywords |
Chemometric analysis; Human health; Icp-Ms; Lead isotopic ratio; Metals; Normalized-and-Weighted Average Concentration; Playgrounds |
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In city playgrounds, there is a potential risk of harming children's health by contamination coming from anthropogenic activities. With the aim to determinate the sources and the risk of hazardous elements, soil samples were collected in 19 selected playgrounds of different urban and rural areas from the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). The concentration of 23 metals and metalloids and lead isotopic ratios were determined by ICP-MS. The methodology proposed here, firstly, classified the parks according to the average metal content by means of the NWACs (Normalized-and-Weighted Average Concentrations) and assess the contamination risk determining the Contamination Factors (CFs). Finally, statistical tools (correlation analysis and principal component analysis) were used to identify the most important contamination sources. The statistical tools used, together with lead isotopic composition analysis of the samples, revealed that coal combustion is the main source of contamination in the area. Vegetation was identified as a barrier for the contamination coming from the city. Nonetheless, some of the soils present a possible toxicological risk for humans. In fact, Cr, Sb, and Pb concentrations were higher than the Residential Intervention Values (VIRs) defined by the Environmental Protection Agency of the State of Sao Paulo, also in Brazil. |
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Research Group in Environmental Management and Sustainability, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Universidad De la Costa, Calle 58, No. 55-56, 080002, Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia |
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English |
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0944-1344 |
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PMID:28889400 |
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ref @ user @ |
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97629 |
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Girardi, S.N.; Carvalho, C.L.; Maas, L.W.D.; Araujo, J.F.; Massote, A.W.; Stralen, A.C. de S. van; Souza, O.A. de |
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[Preferences for work in primary care among medical students in Minas Gerais State, Brazil: evidence from a discrete choice experiment] |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Cadernos de Saude Publica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cad Saude Publica |
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33 |
Issue |
8 |
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e00075316 |
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Brazil; *Career Choice; Choice Behavior; Female; Humans; Income; Male; *Primary Health Care; *Professional Practice Location; Sex Factors; *Students, Medical; Surveys and Questionnaires |
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This article presents the results of a discrete choice experiment (DCE) conducted in 2012 with 277 final-year medical students from Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experiment tested students' preferences concerning future work as physicians in primary health care, based on hypothetical job scenarios aimed at measuring the likelihood of placement in areas with a shortage of doctors. Application of DCE involved (i) a qualitative stage to define the attributes and their respective levels to comprise the job scenarios, (ii) construction and application of the instrument, and (iii) analysis with application of multinomial logit with conditional probability to estimate the weight of attributes and to construct scenarios for choice probability. The results indicate that the job attribute that most impacted students' choice was location, followed by job conditions, pay, access to medical residency, type of employment relationship, and workload. Students from private medical schools, with higher family income, and females were generally more likely to resist job assignments in unsafe urban areas and remote areas of the countryside. The job scenarios that proved most plausible in terms of public intervention were those that combined middle-level wages, good working conditions, and 10 to 20 bonus points on medical residency exams. |
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Departamento de Matematica, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Brasil |
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Portuguese |
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Preferencias para o trabalho na atencao primaria por estudantes de medicina em Minas Gerais, Brasil: evidencias de um experimento de preferencia declarada |
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0102-311X |
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PMID:28832780 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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97630 |
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