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Author |
Brinkmann, S. |
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Title  |
“Fight the poisoners of the people!” The beginnings of food regulation in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, 1889-1930 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Historia, Ciencias, Saude--Manguinhos |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos |
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24 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
313-331 |
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Abstract |
For urban Brazil, the First World War triggered a dramatic food crisis that brought with it a massive increase in falsified goods and led to an uproar among the general public. Critics targeted the health authorities, who were evidently unable to suppress these frauds. This text spans the First Republic period and shows that since its proclamation the issue of regulating the food trade was part of health policies, but implementation was repeatedly delayed because of other priorities. This situation only changed with the health reforms of the early 1920s, which allows us to identify the First World War food crisis as a decisive point for the Brazilian state to take responsibility in this area. |
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Professor, Instituto de Estudios Europeos/Departamento de Ciencia Politica y Relaciones Internacionale/Universidad del Norte. Km. 5 via Puerto Colombia. 080001 – Barranquilla – Colombia. sbrinkmann@uninorte.edu.co |
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Original Title |
“Guerra aos envenenadores do povo!” Os inicios da regulacao de alimentos em Sao Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, 1889-1930 |
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0104-5970 |
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PMID:28658421 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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98020 |
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Author |
Fuster, M. |
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Title |
“We like Fried Things”: Negotiating Health and Taste among Hispanic Caribbean Communities in New York City |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Ecology of Food and Nutrition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Food Nutr |
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56 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
124-138 |
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Keywords |
Adult; *Cooking; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Female; *Food Analysis; *Food Preferences; Hispanic Americans; Humans; Male; New York City; Puerto Rico; Taste; Young Adult; Emigration and immigration; Hispanic Americans; New York City; qualitative research |
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Abstract |
The study was conducted to understand fried-food (FF) consumption among Hispanic Caribbean (HC) communities in New York City. Data were collected through qualitative interviews with 23 adults self-identified as Cuban, Dominican, or Puerto Rican. Most informants considered FFs an important part of their traditional diet. Potential explanations included taste, cost, convenience, and the emotive values attached to FF. FF consumption was contextualized in local foodscapes. Results include strategies to diminish FF consumption and differences across HC groups and migratory generations. The relevance for future nutrition interventions addressing health disparities in this community is discussed. |
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a Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences , City University of New York-Brooklyn College , Brooklyn , New York , USA |
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0367-0244 |
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PMID:28059558 |
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ref @ user @ |
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98032 |
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Yan, H.; Romero-Lopez, M.; Benitez, L.I.; Di, K.; Frieboes, H.B.; Hughes, C.C.W.; Bota, D.A.; Lowengrub, J.S. |
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3D Mathematical Modeling of Glioblastoma Suggests That Transdifferentiated Vascular Endothelial Cells Mediate Resistance to Current Standard-of-Care Therapy |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Cancer Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cancer Res |
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77 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
4171-4184 |
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Brain Neoplasms/*pathology; Cell Transdifferentiation/physiology; Endothelial Cells/*pathology; Glioblastoma/*pathology; Humans; *Models, Theoretical; Neoplastic Stem Cells/*pathology |
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Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive brain tumor in human patients, is decidedly heterogeneous and highly vascularized. Glioma stem/initiating cells (GSC) are found to play a crucial role by increasing cancer aggressiveness and promoting resistance to therapy. Recently, cross-talk between GSC and vascular endothelial cells has been shown to significantly promote GSC self-renewal and tumor progression. Furthermore, GSC also transdifferentiate into bona fide vascular endothelial cells (GEC), which inherit mutations present in GSC and are resistant to traditional antiangiogenic therapies. Here we use three-dimensional mathematical modeling to investigate GBM progression and response to therapy. The model predicted that GSCs drive invasive fingering and that GEC spontaneously form a network within the hypoxic core, consistent with published experimental findings. Standard-of-care treatments using DNA-targeted therapy (radiation/chemo) together with antiangiogenic therapies reduced GBM tumor size but increased invasiveness. Anti-GEC treatments blocked the GEC support of GSCs and reduced tumor size but led to increased invasiveness. Anti-GSC therapies that promote differentiation or disturb the stem cell niche effectively reduced tumor invasiveness and size, but were ultimately limited in reducing tumor size because GECs maintain GSCs. Our study suggests that a combinatorial regimen targeting the vasculature, GSCs, and GECs, using drugs already approved by the FDA, can reduce both tumor size and invasiveness and could lead to tumor eradication. Cancer Res; 77(15); 4171-84. (c)2017 AACR. |
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Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California |
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0008-5472 |
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PMID:28536277 |
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Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
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96585 |
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Luedi, M.M.; Singh, S.K.; Mosley, J.C.; Hatami, M.; Gumin, J.; Sulman, E.P.; Lang, F.F.; Stueber, F.; Zinn, P.O.; Colen, R.R. |
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Title |
A Dexamethasone-regulated Gene Signature Is Prognostic for Poor Survival in Glioblastoma Patients |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
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Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol |
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29 |
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1 |
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46-58 |
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Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*pharmacology; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Brain Neoplasms/*mortality; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*drug effects; Glioblastoma/*mortality; Humans; Mice; Prognosis; Stem Cells/drug effects; Survival Analysis |
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BACKGROUND: Dexamethasone is reported to induce both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting effects. The purpose of this study was to identify the genomic impact of dexamethasone in glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) lines and its prognostic value; furthermore, to identify drugs that can counter these side effects of dexamethasone exposure. METHODS: We utilized 3 independent GSC lines with tumorigenic potential for this study. Whole-genome expression profiling and pathway analyses were done with dexamethasone-exposed and control cells. GSCs were also co-exposed to dexamethasone and temozolomide. Risk scores were calculated for most affected genes, and their associations with survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data databases. In silico Connectivity Map analysis identified camptothecin as antagonist to dexamethasone-induced negative effects. RESULTS: Pathway analyses predicted an activation of dexamethasone network (z-score: 2.908). Top activated canonical pathways included “role of breast cancer 1 in DNA damage response” (P=1.07E-04). GSCs were protected against temozolomide-induced apoptosis when coincubated with dexamethasone. Altered cellular functions included cell movement, cell survival, and apoptosis with z-scores of 2.815, 5.137, and -3.122, respectively. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) was activated in a dose dependent manner specifically in slow-dividing “stem-like” cells. CEBPB was activated in dexamethasone-treated orthotopic tumors. Patients with high risk scores had significantly shorter survival. Camptothecin was validated as potential partial neutralizer of dexamethasone-induced oncogenic effects. CONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone exposure induces a genetic program and CEBPB expression in GSCs that adversely affects key cellular functions and response to therapeutics. High risk scores associated with these genes have negative prognostic value in patients. Our findings further suggest camptothecin as a potential neutralizer of adverse dexamethasone-mediated effects. |
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*Department of Anesthesiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland Departments of daggerCancer Systems Imaging double daggerDiagnostic Imaging section signNeurosurgery and Brain Tumor Center parallelRadiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology #Neurosurgery, Cancer Systems Imaging, and Cancer Biology **Cancer Systems Imaging, and Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center paragraph signDepartment of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX |
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0898-4921 |
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PMID:27653222 |
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ref @ user @ |
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96635 |
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Sousa, K. de M.; Oliveira, W.I.F. de; Melo, L.O.M. de; Alves, E.A.; Piuvezam, G.; Gama, Z.A. da S. |
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A qualitative study analyzing access to physical rehabilitation for traffic accident victims with severe disability in Brazil |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Disability and Rehabilitation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Disabil Rehabil |
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39 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
568-577 |
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Keywords |
Brazil; health services accessibility; quality of health care; rehabilitation; traffic accidents |
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Purpose To identify access barriers to physical rehabilitation for traffic accident (TA) victims with severe disability and build a theoretical model to provide guidance towards the improvement of these services. Methods Qualitative research carried out in the city of Natal (Northeast Brazil), with semi-structured interviews with 120 subjects (19 key informer health professionals and 101 TA victims) identified in a database made available by the emergency hospital. The interviews were analyzed using Alceste software, version 4.9. Results The main barriers present in the interviews were: (1) related to services: bureaucratic administrative practises, low offer of rehabilitation services, insufficient information on rehabilitation, lack of guidelines that integrate hospital and ambulatory care and (2) related to patients: financial difficulties, functional limitations, geographic distance, little information on health, association with low education levels and disbelief in the system and in rehabilitation. Conclusion The numerous access barriers were presented in a theoretical model with causes related to organizational structure, processes of care, professionals and patients. This model must be tested by health policy-makers and managers to improve the quality of physical rehabilitation and avoid unnecessary prolongation of the suffering and disability experienced by TA survivors. Implications for rehabilitation Traffic accidents (TAs) are a global health dilemma that demands integrality of preventive actions, pre-hospital and hospital care and physical rehabilitation (PR). This study lays the foundation for improving access to PR for TA survivors, an issue of quality of care that results in preventable disabilities. The words of the patients interviewed reveal the suffering of victims, which is often invisible to society and given low priority by health policies that relegate PR to a second plan ahead of prevention and urgent care. A theoretical model of the causes of the problem of access to PR was built. The identified barriers are potentially preventable through the intervention of health policy-makers, managers, regulators and rehabilitation professionals, and by encouraging the participation of patients. Addressing timely access barriers involves the expansion of the supply of services and rehabilitation professionals, regulation and standardization of referencing practises and encouraging the provision of information to patients about continuity of care and their health needs. |
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d Department of Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte , Natal , Brazil |
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0963-8288 |
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PMID:26987029 |
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ref @ user @ |
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97458 |
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