| Records |
| Author |
Howard, C.M.; Valluri, J.; Alberico, A.; Julien, T.; Mazagri, R.; Marsh, R.; Alastair, H.; Cortese, A.; Griswold, M.; Wang, W.; Denning, K.; Brown, L.; Claudio, P.P. |
Title  |
Analysis of Chemopredictive Assay for Targeting Cancer Stem Cells in Glioblastoma Patients |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Translational Oncology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Transl Oncol |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
241-254 |
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| Abstract |
INTRODUCTION: The prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) treated with standard-of-care maximal surgical resection and concurrent adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ)/radiotherapy remains very poor (less than 15 months). GBMs have been found to contain a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that contribute to tumor propagation, maintenance, and treatment resistance. The highly invasive nature of high-grade gliomas and their inherent resistance to therapy lead to very high rates of recurrence. For these reasons, not all patients with similar diagnoses respond to the same chemotherapy, schedule, or dose. Administration of ineffective anticancer therapy is not only costly but more importantly burdens the patient with unnecessary toxicity and selects for the development of resistant cancer cell clones. We have developed a drug response assay (ChemoID) that identifies the most effective chemotherapy against CSCs and bulk of tumor cells from of a panel of potential treatments, offering great promise for individualized cancer management. Providing the treating physician with drug response information on a panel of approved drugs will aid in personalized therapy selections of the most effective chemotherapy for individual patients, thereby improving outcomes. A prospective study was conducted evaluating the use of the ChemoID drug response assay in GBM patients treated with standard of care. METHODS: Forty-one GBM patients (mean age 54 years, 59% male), all eligible for a surgical biopsy, were enrolled in an Institutional Review Board-approved protocol, and fresh tissue samples were collected for drug sensitivity testing. Patients were all treated with standard-of-care TMZ plus radiation with or without maximal surgery, depending on the status of the disease. Patients were prospectively monitored for tumor response, time to recurrence, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Odds ratio (OR) associations of 12-month recurrence, PFS, and OS outcomes were estimated for CSC, bulk tumor, and combined assay responses for the standard-of-care TMZ treatment; sensitivities/specificities, areas under the curve (AUCs), and risk reclassification components were examined. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 8 months (range 3-49 months). For every 5% increase in in vitro CSC cell kill by TMZ, 12-month patient response (nonrecurrence of cancer) increased two-fold, OR=2.2 (P=.016). Similar but somewhat less supported associations with the bulk tumor test were seen, OR=2.75 (P=.07) for each 5% bulk tumor cell kill by TMZ. Combining CSC and bulk tumor assay results in a single model yielded a statistically supported CSC association, OR=2.36 (P=.036), but a much attenuated remaining bulk tumor association, OR=1.46 (P=.472). AUCs and [sensitivity/specificity] at optimal outpoints (>40% CSC cell kill and >55% bulk tumor cell kill) were AUC=0.989 [sensitivity=100/specificity=97], 0.972 [100/89], and 0.989 [100/97] for the CSC only, bulk tumor only, and combined models, respectively. Risk categorization of patients was improved by 11% when using the CSC test in conjunction with the bulk test (risk reclassification nonevent net reclassification improvement [NRI] and overall NRI=0.111, P=.030). Median recurrence time was 20 months for patients with a positive (>40% cell kill) CSC test versus only 3 months for those with a negative CSC test, whereas median recurrence time was 13 months versus 4 months for patients with a positive (>55% cell kill) bulk test versus negative. Similar favorable results for the CSC test were observed for PFS and OS outcomes. Panel results across 14 potential other treatments indicated that 34/41 (83%) potentially more optimal alternative therapies may have been chosen using CSC results, whereas 27/41 (66%) alternative therapies may have been chosen using bulk tumor results. CONCLUSIONS: The ChemoID CSC drug response assay has the potential to increase the accuracy of bulk tumor assays to help guide individualized chemotherapy choices. GBM cancer recurrence may occur quickly if the CSC test has a low in vitro cell kill rate even if the bulk tumor test cell kill rate is high. |
| Address |
Department of BioMolecular Sciences, National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center Cancer Institute, Jackson, MS 39216. Electronic address: pclaudio@olemiss.edu |
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English |
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1936-5233 |
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| Notes |
PMID:28199863 |
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no |
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ref @ user @ |
Serial |
96608 |
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| Author |
Labriola, L.; Pochet, J.-M. |
| Title |
Any use for alternative lock solutions in the prevention of catheter-related blood stream infections? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Journal of Vascular Access |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vasc Access |
| Volume |
18 |
Issue |
Suppl. 1 |
Pages |
34-38 |
| Keywords |
Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use; Bacteremia/diagnosis/microbiology/*prevention & control; Biofilms; Catheter-Related Infections/diagnosis/microbiology/*prevention & control; Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects/*instrumentation; *Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects/microbiology; *Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects/microbiology; Equipment Design; Humans; *Renal Dialysis; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome |
| Abstract |
The prevention of catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) in hemodialysis (HD) patients remains a challenge because of high morbidity and mortality associated to CRBSI. Alternative locking solutions (ALS) containing an antithrombotic substance with additional antimicrobial or antibiofilm properties (citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA], 70% ethanol, thrombolytics) with or without the addition of molecules with specific antimicrobial activity (antibiotics, taurolidine, paraben-methylene-blue) has been proposed with the aim to prevent or eradicate intraluminal biofilm colonization and subsequent CRBSI. In this review, we examine the available evidence concerning their efficacy and potential side effects, in order to determine whether ALS should be implemented widely or only in selected cases. |
| Address |
Department of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels – Belgium |
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1129-7298 |
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| Notes |
PMID:28297055 |
Approved |
no |
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ref @ user @ |
Serial |
99036 |
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| Author |
Labriola, L.; Pochet, J.-M. |
| Title |
Any use for alternative lock solutions in the prevention of catheter-related blood stream infections? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Journal of Vascular Access |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vasc Access |
| Volume |
18 |
Issue |
Suppl. 1 |
Pages |
34-38 |
| Keywords |
Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use; Bacteremia/diagnosis/microbiology/*prevention & control; Biofilms; Catheter-Related Infections/diagnosis/microbiology/*prevention & control; Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects/*instrumentation; *Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects/microbiology; *Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects/microbiology; Equipment Design; Humans; *Renal Dialysis; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome |
| Abstract |
The prevention of catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) in hemodialysis (HD) patients remains a challenge because of high morbidity and mortality associated to CRBSI. Alternative locking solutions (ALS) containing an antithrombotic substance with additional antimicrobial or antibiofilm properties (citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA], 70% ethanol, thrombolytics) with or without the addition of molecules with specific antimicrobial activity (antibiotics, taurolidine, paraben-methylene-blue) has been proposed with the aim to prevent or eradicate intraluminal biofilm colonization and subsequent CRBSI. In this review, we examine the available evidence concerning their efficacy and potential side effects, in order to determine whether ALS should be implemented widely or only in selected cases. |
| Address |
Department of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels – Belgium |
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English |
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1129-7298 |
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| Notes |
PMID:28297055 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
ref @ user @ |
Serial |
100066 |
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Gredilla, A.; Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo, S.; Gomez-Nubla, L.; Carrero, J.A.; de Leao, F.B.; Madariaga, J.M.; Silva, L.F.O. |
| Title |
Are children playgrounds safe play areas? Inorganic analysis and lead isotope ratios for contamination assessment in recreational (Brazilian) parks |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
31 |
Pages |
24333-24345 |
| Keywords |
Chemometric analysis; Human health; Icp-Ms; Lead isotopic ratio; Metals; Normalized-and-Weighted Average Concentration; Playgrounds |
| Abstract |
In city playgrounds, there is a potential risk of harming children's health by contamination coming from anthropogenic activities. With the aim to determinate the sources and the risk of hazardous elements, soil samples were collected in 19 selected playgrounds of different urban and rural areas from the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). The concentration of 23 metals and metalloids and lead isotopic ratios were determined by ICP-MS. The methodology proposed here, firstly, classified the parks according to the average metal content by means of the NWACs (Normalized-and-Weighted Average Concentrations) and assess the contamination risk determining the Contamination Factors (CFs). Finally, statistical tools (correlation analysis and principal component analysis) were used to identify the most important contamination sources. The statistical tools used, together with lead isotopic composition analysis of the samples, revealed that coal combustion is the main source of contamination in the area. Vegetation was identified as a barrier for the contamination coming from the city. Nonetheless, some of the soils present a possible toxicological risk for humans. In fact, Cr, Sb, and Pb concentrations were higher than the Residential Intervention Values (VIRs) defined by the Environmental Protection Agency of the State of Sao Paulo, also in Brazil. |
| Address |
Research Group in Environmental Management and Sustainability, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Universidad De la Costa, Calle 58, No. 55-56, 080002, Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia |
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English |
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0944-1344 |
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| Notes |
PMID:28889400 |
Approved |
no |
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ref @ user @ |
Serial |
97629 |
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Firmansyah, I.; Spiller, M.; de Ruijter, F.J.; Carsjens, G.J.; Zeeman, G. |
| Title |
Assessment of nitrogen and phosphorus flows in agricultural and urban systems in a small island under limited data availability |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Science of the Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Total Environ |
| Volume |
574 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1521-1532 |
| Keywords |
Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Small island system; Substance Flow Analysis (SFA); Urban metabolism; Urban-agriculture |
| Abstract |
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two essential macronutrients required in agricultural production. The major share of this production relies on chemical fertilizer that requires energy and relies on limited resources (P). Since these nutrients are lost to the environment, there is a need to shift from this linear urban metabolism to a circular metabolism in which N and P from domestic waste and wastewater are reused in agriculture. A first step to facilitate a transition to more circular urban N and P management is to understand the flows of these resources in a coupled urban-agricultural system. For the first time this paper presents a Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) approach for the assessment of the coupled agricultural and urban systems under limited data availability in a small island. The developed SFA approach is used to identify intervention points that can provide N and P stocks for agricultural production. The island of St. Eustatius, a small island in the Caribbean, was used as a case study. The model developed in this study consists of eight sub-systems: agricultural and natural lands, urban lands, crop production, animal production, market, household consumption, soakage pit and open-dump landfill. A total of 26 flows were identified and quantified for a period of one year (2013). The results showed that the agricultural system is a significant source for N and P loss because of erosion/run-off and leaching. Moreover, urban sanitation systems contribute to deterioration of the island's ecosystem through N and P losses from domestic waste and wastewater by leaching and atmospheric emission. Proposed interventions are the treatment of blackwater and greywater for the recovery of N and P. In conclusion, this study allows for identification of potential N and P losses and proposes mitigation measures to improve nutrient management in a small island context. |
| Address |
Sub-department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen UR, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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0048-9697 |
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| Notes |
PMID:27613673 |
Approved |
no |
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ref @ user @ |
Serial |
97161 |
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