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Author |
Gerceker, G.O.; Yardimci, F.; Aydinok, Y. |
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Title |
Randomized controlled trial of care bundles with chlorhexidine dressing and advanced dressings to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections in pediatric hematology-oncology patients |
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Randomized Controlled Trial |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
European Journal of Oncology Nursing : the Official Journal of European Oncology Nursing Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur J Oncol Nurs |
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28 |
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Pages |
14-20 |
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Keywords |
Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use; Bacteremia/*drug therapy/*prevention & control; *Bandages; Catheter-Related Infections/*drug therapy/*prevention & control; Catheterization, Central Venous/methods; Central Venous Catheters/microbiology; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorhexidine/*therapeutic use; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Patient Care Bundles; Prospective Studies; Turkey |
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Abstract |
PURPOSE: To compare the effects of the care bundles including chlorhexidine dressing and advanced dressings on the catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) rates in pediatric hematology-oncology patients with central venous catheters (CVCs). METHOD: Twenty-seven PHO patients were recruited to participate in a prospective, randomized study in Turkey. The researcher used care bundles with chlorhexidine dressing in the experimental group (n = 14), and care bundles with advanced dressings in the control group (n = 13). RESULTS: According to the study results, 28.6% of the patients in the experimental group had CRBSI, while this rate was 38.5% in the control group patients. The CRBSI rate in the experimental group was 3.9, and the control group had 4.4 per 1000 inpatient catheter days. There was no exit-site infection in the experimental group. However, the control group had 1.7 per 1000 inpatient catheter days. CONCLUSIONS: Even though there was no difference between the two groups in which the researcher implemented care bundles with chlorhexidine dressing and advanced dressings in terms of CRBSI development, there was reduction in the CRBSI rates thanks to the care bundle approach. It is possible to control the CRBSI rates using care bundles in pediatric hematology-oncology patients. |
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Ege University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Hematology-Oncology, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address: yesim.aydinok@yahoo.com |
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1462-3889 |
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PMID:28478850 |
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ref @ user @ |
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99881 |
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Nourallah, B.; Digpal, R.; Jena, R.; Watts, C. |
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Title |
Irradiating the Subventricular Zone in Glioblastoma Patients: Is there a Case for a Clinical Trial? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Clinical Oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
26-33 |
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Adult; Brain Neoplasms/*radiotherapy; Glioblastoma/*radiotherapy; Humans; Lateral Ventricles/*radiation effects; Male; Neoplastic Stem Cells/radiation effects; Stem Cell Niche/radiation effects; Cancer stem cells; glioblastoma; neural stem cells; radiotherapy; subventricular zone |
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Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive adult brain tumour. Over the last 10 years it has emerged that the subventricular zone (SVZ), the largest adult neural stem cell niche, has an important role in the disease. Converging evidence has implicated transformation of adult neural stems in gliomagenesis and the permissive stem cell niche in disease recurrence. Concurrently, clinical studies have suggested that SVZ involvement is a negative prognostic marker. It would follow that irradiating the SVZ may improve outcomes in glioblastoma by directly targeting this putative sanctuary site. To investigate this potential strategy, 11 retrospective studies and 1 prospective study examined the relationship between dose to the SVZ and survival outcomes in glioblastoma patients. This review summarises the theoretical underpinning of this strategy, provides a critical evaluation of the existing evidence and discusses the rationale for a clinical trial. |
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John van Geest Centre for Repair, Cambridge, UK; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address: cw209@cam.ac.uk |
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0936-6555 |
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PMID:27729188 |
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96633 |
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Luedi, M.M.; Singh, S.K.; Mosley, J.C.; Hatami, M.; Gumin, J.; Sulman, E.P.; Lang, F.F.; Stueber, F.; Zinn, P.O.; Colen, R.R. |
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Title |
A Dexamethasone-regulated Gene Signature Is Prognostic for Poor Survival in Glioblastoma Patients |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol |
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29 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
46-58 |
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Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*pharmacology; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Brain Neoplasms/*mortality; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Dexamethasone/*pharmacology; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*drug effects; Glioblastoma/*mortality; Humans; Mice; Prognosis; Stem Cells/drug effects; Survival Analysis |
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BACKGROUND: Dexamethasone is reported to induce both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting effects. The purpose of this study was to identify the genomic impact of dexamethasone in glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) lines and its prognostic value; furthermore, to identify drugs that can counter these side effects of dexamethasone exposure. METHODS: We utilized 3 independent GSC lines with tumorigenic potential for this study. Whole-genome expression profiling and pathway analyses were done with dexamethasone-exposed and control cells. GSCs were also co-exposed to dexamethasone and temozolomide. Risk scores were calculated for most affected genes, and their associations with survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data databases. In silico Connectivity Map analysis identified camptothecin as antagonist to dexamethasone-induced negative effects. RESULTS: Pathway analyses predicted an activation of dexamethasone network (z-score: 2.908). Top activated canonical pathways included “role of breast cancer 1 in DNA damage response” (P=1.07E-04). GSCs were protected against temozolomide-induced apoptosis when coincubated with dexamethasone. Altered cellular functions included cell movement, cell survival, and apoptosis with z-scores of 2.815, 5.137, and -3.122, respectively. CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) was activated in a dose dependent manner specifically in slow-dividing “stem-like” cells. CEBPB was activated in dexamethasone-treated orthotopic tumors. Patients with high risk scores had significantly shorter survival. Camptothecin was validated as potential partial neutralizer of dexamethasone-induced oncogenic effects. CONCLUSIONS: Dexamethasone exposure induces a genetic program and CEBPB expression in GSCs that adversely affects key cellular functions and response to therapeutics. High risk scores associated with these genes have negative prognostic value in patients. Our findings further suggest camptothecin as a potential neutralizer of adverse dexamethasone-mediated effects. |
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*Department of Anesthesiology, Bern University Hospital Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland Departments of daggerCancer Systems Imaging double daggerDiagnostic Imaging section signNeurosurgery and Brain Tumor Center parallelRadiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology #Neurosurgery, Cancer Systems Imaging, and Cancer Biology **Cancer Systems Imaging, and Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center paragraph signDepartment of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX |
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0898-4921 |
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PMID:27653222 |
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ref @ user @ |
Serial |
96635 |
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Goetz, L.G.; Valeggia, C. |
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The ecology of anemia: Anemia prevalence and correlated factors in adult indigenous women in Argentina |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Hum Biol |
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29 |
Issue |
3 |
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OBJECTIVES: The Toba/Qom of Namqom are an indigenous community native to the Gran Chaco region of northern Argentina. Historically seminomadic foragers, the diet of peri-urban community members has rapidly changed from high-protein, high-fiber to hypercaloric, processed. This study aims to understand the impact of this nutritional transition on aspects of women's health by exploring the relationship between prevalence of anemia and current diet composition, place of birth, and reproductive history. METHODS: We measured the capillary hemoglobin (Hb) levels of 153 adult women. Each participant was also given two interviews characterizing reproductive history and a 24-hour food recall. RESULTS: The average Hb level was 12.6 g/dL (range 5.8-15.7 g/dL). In our sample, 28% of participants were anemic and 31% were borderline anemic. Iron and vitamin C consumption were negatively associated with Hb levels. Body mass index was marginally associated with Hb levels. Being born in a peri-urban setting, a proxy for early Westernized diet was associated with higher risk of anemia, suggesting developmental experience may play a role. Pregnant and lactating women had lower Hb levels than menstruating and menopausal women. Age, height, parity, and age at first pregnancy were not found to be statistically significant predictors of anemia. CONCLUSIONS: Iron deficiency represents a serious health concern for women, particularly pregnant ones. Our results suggest that both past and current nutritional ecology variables may be associated with the risk of anemia. These findings inform public health interventions, since reproductive history may be more difficult to modify than current diet. |
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Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 05611 |
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1042-0533 |
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PMID:28101997 |
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98030 |
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Moimaz, S.A.S.; Rocha, N.B.; Garbin, C.A.S.; Rovida, T.A.; Saliba, N.A. |
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Factors affecting intention to breastfeed of a group of Brazilian childbearing women |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Women and Birth : Journal of the Australian College of Midwives |
Abbreviated Journal |
Women Birth |
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30 |
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2 |
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e119-e124 |
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Adult; Age Factors; Brazil; Breast Feeding/*psychology; Female; Humans; Mothers/*psychology; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Socioeconomic Factors; Young Adult; Brazil; Breastfeeding; Breastfeeding difficulties; Breastfeeding initiation; Pregnancy |
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BACKGROUND: Knowing the intention of mothers is important to plan actions to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates. AIM: The objective of this retrospective study was to verify the intention to breastfeed and the intended breastfeeding duration of a group of women participating in a public prenatal dental care program in the city of Aracatuba, Brazil. METHODS: The records of 933 childbearing women were analyzed and their intention to breastfeed and intended breastfeeding duration were associated to women's age, ethnicity, marital status, education, employment, number of gestations, previous breastfeeding experience, previous breastfeeding guidance, presence of complications during pregnancy, and systemic diseases. Data were inserted into Epi Info 2000 and analyzed with Biostat, at a 5% level of significance, and confidence interval of 95%. FINDINGS: Participants mean age was 26.1+/-5.9years. The majority of women (96.5%) declared their intention to breastfeed their babies. The main variables to affect the intention to breastfeed were the number of gestations (p=0.001), previous breastfeeding experience (p=0.03), and previous breastfeeding guidance (p=0.01). Intended breastfeeding duration was significantly affected by women's age (p=0.04), employment (0.02), the number of gestations (p=0.001), and previous breastfeeding experience (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Previous positive breastfeeding experience and guidance during prenatal examinations positively affected women's intention to breastfeed; while older, unemployed women in their second or more gestation and previous breastfeeding experience intended to breastfeed their children for longer periods of time. |
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Preventive and Social Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Aracatuba, Brazil. Electronic address: nemre@foa.unesp.br |
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1871-5192 |
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PMID:27840072 |
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ref @ user @ |
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97339 |
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