|
Webb, E. M., Ahearn, B., & Naeger, D. M. (2016). A Designated “Teaching Resident”: A Novel Leadership Position to Promote Educational Skills and an Academic Career. J Am Coll Radiol, 13(1), 77–80.
Keywords: Curriculum; Education, Medical, Undergraduate/*standards; Female; Humans; *Internship and Residency; *Leadership; Male; Professional Competence; *Professional Role; Program Development; Program Evaluation; Radiology/*education; Teaching/*methods; United States
|
|
|
Kang, K., Bae, J. - H., Han, K., Kim, E. S., Kim, T. - O., & Yi, J. M. (2016). A Genome-Wide Methylation Approach Identifies a New Hypermethylated Gene Panel in Ulcerative Colitis. Int J Mol Sci, 17(8).
Abstract: The cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is still unknown, but there is growing evidence that environmental factors such as epigenetic changes can contribute to the disease etiology. The aim of this study was to identify newly hypermethylated genes in ulcerative colitis (UC) using a genome-wide DNA methylation approach. Using an Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array, we screened the DNA methylation changes in three normal colon controls and eight UC patients. Using these methylation profiles, 48 probes associated with CpG promoter methylation showed differential hypermethylation between UC patients and normal controls. Technical validations for methylation analyses in a larger series of UC patients (n = 79) were performed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite sequencing analysis. We finally found that three genes (FAM217B, KIAA1614 and RIBC2) that were significantly elevating the promoter methylation levels in UC compared to normal controls. Interestingly, we confirmed that three genes were transcriptionally silenced in UC patient samples by qRT-PCR, suggesting that their silencing is correlated with the promoter hypermethylation. Pathway analyses were performed using GO and KEGG databases with differentially hypermethylated genes in UC. Our results highlight that aberrant hypermethylation was identified in UC patients which can be a potential biomarker for detecting UC. Moreover, pathway-enriched hypermethylated genes are possibly implicating important cellular function in the pathogenesis of UC. Overall, this study describes a newly hypermethylated gene panel in UC patients and provides new clinical information that can be used for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of IBD.
Keywords: DNA methylation profile; biomarker; promoter hypermethylation; ulcerative colitis
|
|
|
Pamies, D., Barreras, P., Block, K., Makri, G., Kumar, A., Wiersma, D., et al. (2016). A human brain microphysiological system derived from induced pluripotent stem cells to study neurological diseases and toxicity. Altex, .
Abstract: Human in-vitro models of brain neurophysiology are needed to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with neurological disorders and neurotoxicity. We have developed a reproducible iPSC-derived human 3D brain microphysiological system (BMPS), comprised of differentiated mature neurons and glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) that reproduce neuronal-glial interactions and connectivity. BMPS mature over eight weeks and show the critical elements of neuronal function: synaptogenesis and neuron-to-neuron (e.g. spontaneous electric field potentials) and neuronal-glial interactions (e.g. myelination), that mimic the microenvironment of the central nervous system, rarely seen in vitro so far. The BMPS shows 40% overall myelination after 8 weeks of differentiation. Myelin was observed by immunohistochemistry and confirmed by confocal microscopy 3D reconstruction and electron microscopy. These findings are of particular relevance since myelin is crucial for proper neuronal function and development. The ability to assess oligodendroglia function and mechanisms associated with myelination in this BMPS model provide an excellent tool for future studies of neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. Thus, the BMPS provides a suitable and reliable model to investigate neuron-neuroglia function in neurotoxicology or other pathogenic mechanisms.
Keywords: 3D culture; Cns; brain; microphysiological system; myelination
|
|
|
Kashif, M., Hashmi, H., Jadhav, P., & Khaja, M. (2016). A Missing Guide Wire After Placement of Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter. Am J Case Rep, 17, 925–928.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Central venous catheterization is a common tool used in critically ill patients to monitor central venous pressure and administer fluids and medications such as vasopressors. Here we present a case of a missing guide wire after placement of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), which was incidentally picked up by bedside ultrasound in the intensive care unit. CASE REPORT A 50-year-old Hispanic male was admitted to the intensive care unit for alcohol intoxication. He was managed for septic shock and required placement of a peripherally inserted central line in his left upper extremity for antibiotics and vasopressor administration. A bedside ultrasound performed by the intensivist to evaluate upper extremity swelling revealed a foreign body in the left arm. Percutaneous procedure by Interventional radiologist was required for retrieval of the guidewire. CONCLUSIONS Guide wire related complications are rarely reported, but are significantly associated with mortality and morbidity. The use of ultrasound guidance placement of PICC lines decreases the risk of complications, provides better optimal vein selection, and enhances success.
Keywords: Alcoholic Intoxication/therapy; Angioplasty, Balloon/methods; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage; Arm; Catheterization, Peripheral/*adverse effects; Central Venous Catheters/*adverse effects; *Foreign Bodies; Humans; *Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle Aged; Radiology, Interventional/methods; Risk Factors; Shock, Septic/therapy; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Vasoconstrictor Agents/administration & dosage
|
|
|
Kashif, M., Hashmi, H., Jadhav, P., & Khaja, M. (2016). A Missing Guide Wire After Placement of Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter. Am J Case Rep, 17, 925–928.
Abstract: BACKGROUND Central venous catheterization is a common tool used in critically ill patients to monitor central venous pressure and administer fluids and medications such as vasopressors. Here we present a case of a missing guide wire after placement of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), which was incidentally picked up by bedside ultrasound in the intensive care unit. CASE REPORT A 50-year-old Hispanic male was admitted to the intensive care unit for alcohol intoxication. He was managed for septic shock and required placement of a peripherally inserted central line in his left upper extremity for antibiotics and vasopressor administration. A bedside ultrasound performed by the intensivist to evaluate upper extremity swelling revealed a foreign body in the left arm. Percutaneous procedure by Interventional radiologist was required for retrieval of the guidewire. CONCLUSIONS Guide wire related complications are rarely reported, but are significantly associated with mortality and morbidity. The use of ultrasound guidance placement of PICC lines decreases the risk of complications, provides better optimal vein selection, and enhances success.
Keywords: Alcoholic Intoxication/therapy; Angioplasty, Balloon/methods; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage; Arm; Catheterization, Peripheral/*adverse effects; Central Venous Catheters/*adverse effects; *Foreign Bodies; Humans; *Intensive Care Units; Male; Middle Aged; Radiology, Interventional/methods; Risk Factors; Shock, Septic/therapy; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Vasoconstrictor Agents/administration & dosage
|
|